Do Not Sell. paper) 1. 5. Dec 23: Forbes magazine readers pick white collar offshore outsourcing to be the most significant trend of 2003. Stock Market Crash 2008 Graph. A stock market crash is an abrupt drop in stock prices, which may trigger a prolonged bear market or signal economic trouble ahead. The news over the weekend and Monday, including an appearance by a defiant Hussein on Iraqi television, indicated otherwise, and the selling that came to the stock market was punishing. But we're seeing that's not the case. markets are often irrational by analyzing the“crash of 1987,”the Internet“bubble” ofthe”ndesiecleand other speci”c irrationalities often mentioned by critics of ef”ciency. Let’s take a look at what was said, when, why and by whom. © 2020 A stock market crash is a social phenomenon where external economic events combine with crowd psychology in a positive feedback loop where selling by some market participants drives more market participants to sell. "The markets got a little premature declaring victory last week and the shorts rushed in to cover. In 2001, stock prices took a sharp downturn (some say "stock market crash" or "the Internet bubble bursting") in stock markets across the United States, Canada, Asia, and Europe.After recovering from lows reached following the September 11 attacks, indices slid steadily starting in March 2002, with dramatic declines in July and September leading to lows last reached in 1997 and 1998. Dow sees worst session in about 6 months on bets that victory in Iraq will be tougher than expected. The stock market crash of 2008 was a result of a series of events that led to the failure of some of the largest companies in U.S. history. The Nasdaq composite (down 52.06 to 1369.78, Charts) lost 3.6 percent, and the S&P 500 index (down 31.67 to 864.23, Charts) dropped 3.5 percent. This book is different. Get the key insights in just 10 minutes. This paper applies the Bates (RFS, 2006) methodology to the problem of estimating and filtering time- changed Lévy processes, using daily data on U.S. stock market excess returns over 1926-2006. Most stock quote data provided by BATS. All rights reserved. They often follow speculation and economic bubbles. Why stock markets crash: A scientific perspective. The March report on consumer confidence is expected to show a decline to 62.0 from 64 in February. In short, no one knows the most critical points about the next stock market crash. Gold stocks were also among the sessions few advancers, with Durban Deep (DROOY: up $0.08 to $2.41, Research, Estimates) up 3 percent. And the weaker the market gets, the more I'd … Dash, Mike "Tulipomania: The Story of the World's Most Coveted Flower & the Extraordinary Passions It Aroused" 2001, James D. Henderson, Helen Delpar & Maurice P. Brungardt "A Reference Guide to Latin American History" Richard Weldon Editor – M.E.Sharpe Inc. 2000, ISBN I563247445 page 172, 2nd column, "1890" (2nd paragraph), Jeffrey D. Needell; "A Tropical Belle Epoque: Elite Culture and Society in Turn-of-the-Century" Cambridge University Press 1987 Pages 10 & 12, Gail D. Triner; "Banking and economic development: Brazil, 1889–1930" Palgrave™ 2000, "Back to the Future: Lessons From the Forgotten 'Flash Crash' of 1962", Marta Barcellos & Simone Azevedo; "Histórias do Mercado de Capitais no Brasil" ("Histories of Financial Markets in Brazil"), Markham, Jeffrey W. "A Financial History of the United States; Volume III (1970–2001)" M.E.Sharpe 2002, Barcellos & Azevedo 2011, Pages 141-142; 149 to 151, and 154, economic recession within the Great Depression, Economic effects arising from the September 11 attacks, List of largest daily changes in the Dow Jones Industrial Average, "Chinese shares slump sharply, down 8.84%", "Dow Hits Bear-Market Territory, Signaling Woe for Economy", "Investors face huge losses as debt-ridden Dubai World is abandoned by government", "Greek bonds rated 'junk' by Standard & Poor's", "Greece crisis deepens on global market sell-off", "Was The Market Mayhem A Mistake? A stock market crash is a sudden dramatic decline of stock prices across a major cross-section of a stock market, resulting in a significant loss of paper wealth. Why Stock Markets Crash will surely raise scientific interest in the emerging new field of econophysics. Despite little factual evidence on its side, Wall Street had placed heavy bets that the war would be short and swift, bolstered by rumors that Iraqi President Saddam Hussein was either injured or dead as a result of U.S. air strikes on Baghdad. Disclaimer. Dow Jones: The Dow Jones branded indices are proprietary to and are calculated, distributed and marketed by DJI Opco, a subsidiary of S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC and have been licensed for use to S&P Opco, LLC and CNN. Infamous stock market crash that represented the greatest one-day percentage decline in … But as an investor, you must be aware that every major stock market decline occurred on the heels of a tightening phase by the Fed. The young science of complexity, which studies systems as diverse as the human body, the earth and the universe, offers novel insights on the question raised in the title. There was a drop of 78.4% from the 5132.52 of March 2000. In 1999, nine years after the burst of the Japanese bubble but close to the top of the "new technology'' bubble in the US and in Europe that bursted in 2000, the weight of Japan in terms of trading volume was a mere 5% compared to 53.3% for the US and 9% for the UK. No. But the war euphoria came to an abrupt end Monday, when traders returned to their desks after a weekend of watching footage of tough battles and reports of U.S. casualties and the capture of U.S. soldiers. Shares of First bank of US boom and bust in Aug and Sept 1791. Following the bursting of the Dot.com bubble, many internet companies declared bankruptcy including WebVan, Exodus, Communications and Pets.com. Rating 7. But SARS burst into the open in February 2003 when a traveling American took ill during an Asian trip and died in a hospital in Hanoi, Vietnam. All rights reserved. The stock market selling drove investors back to the perceived safety of U.S. Treasury bonds, which rallied sharply. appleworks/filemaker/ical. Let's call it a crash. stock market crash in the waning days of October 1929 heralded the beginning of the worst economic depression in U.S. history. The decline occurred over a … Lasting 3 years, the market was spooked by the assassination of President, Lasting over a year, markets took fright after U.S. President, Lasting over 4 years, the bursting of the speculative bubble in shares led to further selling as people who had borrowed money to buy shares had to cash them in, when their loans were called in. The Great Depression hit the South, including Georgia, harder than some other regions of the country, and in fact only worsened an economic downturn that had begun in … Nenner is a stock market analyst, right? survived the bubble burst but dropped significantly in value. ... 2003. The indexes are the Dow Jones Industrial Average, the S&P 500, and the Nasdaq. Why Stock Markets Crash: Didier Sornette - 2003 . After falling for 11 of 12 consecutive days closing below Dow 8000 on July 23, 2002, the market rallied. Why Stock Markets Crash will surely raise scientific interest in the emerging new field of econophysics." Oil prices soared on the prospect of a longer Middle East war, with light sweet crude futures gaining $1.69 to $28.60 a barrel in New York. Books October 27, 2016 . It remains the worst stock market crash in American history. 3. Also called the Great Crash or the Wall Street Crash, leading to the, Lasting around a year, this share price fall was triggered by an, Lasting through the 1970s and early-1980s, this was the end of a boom that started in 1969, compounded by the, Lasting 23 months, dramatic rise in oil prices, the miners' strike and the downfall of the, Infamous stock market crash that represented the greatest one-day percentage decline in U.S. stock market history, culminating in a bear market after a more than 20% plunge in the, Lasting approximately twenty years, through at least the end of 2011, share and property price bubble bursts and turns into a, Investors deserted emerging Asian shares, including an overheated Hong Kong stock market. Morningstar, Inc. All Rights Reserved. "—Cars H. Hommes, Director of the Center for Nonlinear Dynamics in Economics and Finance, University of Amsterdam "In turbulent times for financial markets, more books than usual are published on such subjects as financial crashes. Source: Getty Images. It can be seen as the culmination of different events that happened right before the crash. A crash is more sudden than a stock market correction, which is when the market falls 10% from its … Crashes are driven by panic selling and underlying economic factors. As investors look for guidance on how to tackle the emergence of a new virus from China, analysts suggest looking back to lessons learned from the aftermath of the 2003 SARS epidemic. By Alexandra Twin, CNN/Money Staff Writer, Why it's time for investors to go on defense, Premarket: 7 things to know before the bell, Barnes & Noble stock soars 20% as it explores a sale, SoftBank and Toyota want driverless cars to change the world. However, the markets rose sharply over the rest of the week, and eventually surpassed Dow 9000 during several trading sessions in late August. 8: June through November of 1946 -- Down 21.4%. This trend reversed Monday with oil and energy stocks, including Schlumberger (SLB: down $0.87 to $38.05, Research, Estimates) and Exxon Mobil (XOM: down $0.69 to $35.31, Research, Estimates), taking a hit. Next . Although it is likely to be less influential than usual, amid the war focus, Tuesday does bring a couple of significant economic reports. Intro. The Dow Jones Industrial Average plunged 54% in 17 months. February 27, 2007: Stock prices in China and the U.S. fell by the most since 2003 as reports of a decline in home prices and durable goods orders stoked growth fears, with Alan Greenspan predicting a recession. According to this metric, the Covid-19 outbreak appears to have had an appreciably more front-loaded adverse effect on the Chinese stock market than the 2003 SARS epidemic (Graph B, first panel).Abstracting from the Chinese stock market's co-movement with the global market, Chinese equity valuations were down more than 5% after the 10th trading day following the news of the outbreak. Why Stock Markets Crash is a difficult book to categorise. With a gain of 8.4 percent last week, the Dow industrials had their best weekly advance since 1982. ALSO READ: 6 Things That Could Cause a Stock Market Crash. @MISC{Sornette03whystock, author = {D. Sornette}, title = {Why stock market crash}, year = {2003}} Share. NEW YORK (CNN/Money) - The study of the frequency distribution of drawdowns, or runs of successive losses shows that large financial … Since at the time, the stocks were at … Dec 23: Forbes magazine readers pick white collar offshore outsourcing to be the most significant trend of 2003. The stock-market is ready to crash yet again this year and this time it’s going to be a big one. Crashes occur in, From their peaks in October 2007 until their closing lows in early March 2009, the, On September 16, 2008, failures of large financial institutions in the United States, due primarily to exposure of securities of packaged, This page was last edited on 4 March 2021, at 22:21. The Dow Jones industrial average (down 307.29 to 8214.68, Charts) tumbled 3.6 percent or 307 points, its worst drop on both a point and a percentage basis since September 3, 2002, when the Dow fell 4.1 percent or 355 points. Stock prices rose higher than profits in 2003, they say, and if earnings don't keep improving, a sure plunge awaits. But things began to take a downturn from September 2000. Crashes are driven by panic selling and underlying economic factors. The fall started after that and by January 2nd, 2001 there was a drop of 45.9% … The 2008-2009 U.S. stock market crash proved the worst since the Wall Street Crash of 1929. In this instance, the stock market fell 12.82% on the fourth day of the crash (known as "Black Monday") and it took 12 years for the U.S. economy to recover from the … 1929 stock market crash is one of the major stock market crashes in US history, as this stock market tumbled led to the great depression to the USA from 1929. Dec 11: The Dow Jones index of stock prices closes at 10,008.16, an 18-month high. ing, computers were programmed to automatically order large stock trades when certain market trends prevailed, in particular sell orders afterlosses.However,duringthe1987U.S.crash,otherstockmarkets Pages 23 This preview shows page 9 - 12 out of 23 pages. ISBN 0-691-09630-9 (alk. Noté /5: Achetez Investing Without Fear: Protect Your Wealth in all Markets and Transform Crash Losses into Crash Profits de Weiss, Martin D.: ISBN: 9780471698647 sur amazon.fr, des millions de livres livrés chez vous en 1 jour Stock market crash The initial decline in output in the United States in the summer of 1929 is widely believed to have stemmed from tight U.S. monetary policy aimed at limiting stock market speculation. and/or its affiliates. Disney (DIS: down $1.34 to $17.40, Research, Estimates) was the biggest loser after a drop of 7 percent, despite being a big winner at the Oscars Sunday night. Dec 11: The Dow Jones index of stock prices closes at 10,008.16, an 18-month high. On October 29, 1929, the stock market dropped 11.5%, bringing the Dow 39.6% off its high.After the crash, the stock market mounted a slow comeback. Stock markets; S&P 500; Nikkei 225; NASDAQ; More on this story 'We're getting more orders thanks to the virus' Published 27 February 2020. Top Stories . As per the records of September 1st, 2000 of NASDAQ, the trading was at 4234.33. What we don’t know, of course, is when the next crash will happen, how deep that plunge is going to be, and how long the decline will last. The market… This review is a partial synthesis of the book ``Why stock market crash'' (Princeton University Press, January 2003), which presents a general theory of financial crashes and of stock market instabilities that his co-workers and the author have developed over the past seven years. At getAbstract, we summarize books* that help people understand the world and make it better. A WarnerMedia Company. About 1.27 billion shares traded on the NYSE and some 1.31 billion shares changed hands on the Nasdaq. 2. Verified Purchase. The stock market bubble in Japan started to deflate beginning in 1990 and has lost more than 60% of its value. The current month is updated on an hourly basis with today's latest value. Abstract. Wiley 2003 pg GAAP was first conceptualized after the stock market crash of the. 1. In contrast to density-based filtration approaches, the methodology recursively updates the associated conditional characteristic functions of the latent variables. As per the records of September 1st, 2000 of NASDAQ, the trading was at 4234.33. Here's how far they would have to fall as coronavirus-fueled selloff continues", "Coronavirus creates a true 'bear market' for Wall Street", "Bear Market Becomes Official with 1,400-Point Drop amid Coronavirus Fears", Post-Napoleonic Irish grain price and land use shocks, Global financial crisis in September 2008, 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami stock market crash, 2015–2016 Chinese stock market turbulence, List of stock market crashes and bear markets, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_stock_market_crashes_and_bear_markets&oldid=1010321970, Articles with Portuguese-language sources (pt), Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Affected early European stock markets, during early days of chartered joint stock companies, Primarily caused by the British East India Company, whose shares fell from £276 in December 1768 to £122 in 1784. it resulted in thousands of displaced Americans and massive food lines. Many lost their jobs, homes, and retirement savings during this period. 4. Monday's selloff followed one of Wall Street's strongest rallies in years. Groundwork of Alexander Hamilton's cooperation with the Bank of New York to end this event would be crucial in ending the Panic of 1792 next year. They often follow speculation and economic bubbles. In afternoon trading the Dow Jones Industrial Average fell over 500 points as U.S. stocks suffered a steep loss after news of the financial firm Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. filing for … Stock market crashes are an unfortunate fact of life on Wall Street, with eight major market crashes in the past 100 years, led by the stock market crash of 1929. (For the latest war developments, go to CNN.com.). Chicago Mercantile Association: Certain market data is the property of Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc. and its licensors. Additionally, existing home sales in February are forecast to have fallen to a 5.80 million unit annual rate from a 6.09 million unit annual rate in January. The downturn in the stock market in 2002, also known as stock market crash or internet bubble bursting, saw a drastic drop in stock prices across the US, Canada, Asia and Europe. Charles Nenner claimed in December 2010 that the crash would occur sometime either in 2013 or just after. Market indices are shown in real time, except for the DJIA, which is delayed by two minutes. Wal-Mart (WMT: down $2.15 to $52.52, Research, Estimates), which reiterated its estimates for sales in March despite a slowdown over the weekend as consumers stayed home to watch the latest war news, declined almost 4 percent. Everyone knows the famous saying about the stock market having predicted nine of the past five recessions! Didier Sornette Why Stock Markets Crash: Critical Events in Complex Financial Systems, Princeton, Princeton University Press, 2003 (421 pp). It was followed by two more record-setting point drops on March 12 and March 16. Since S&P500 is about 1 index with 500 stocks. "People are realizing that the war is going to be longer and more drawn out than anticipated.". After that, the Dow dropped to a four-year low on September 24, 2002, while the NASDAQ reached a 6-year low. Krach de la bourse viennoise en 1873 (Gründerkrach) À la suite de l'unification allemande en 1871, un développement économique et capitalistique très rapide eut lieu de 1871 à 1873, avec la création de nombreuses sociétés.Avec l'apparition de la concurrence, les profits stagnèrent et les actions se mirent à baisser dans le monde germanophone à partir de mai 1873. ical is a pretty rocking little app, i am in the process of switching everyone over to apple products at the gallery. Stock Market Graph 2000 To Present Sunday, 7 March 2021. In this article, I take a step back to look at that historic "big picture" of how this most recent market crash compares with the market crashes of 1929, 1987, 2000, and 2008-2009. Market breadth was thoroughly negative on heavy volume. The stock market crash 2008 prevailed for long affecting the market economic condition adversely. Find market predictions, 2003 financials and market news. Until the stock market crash of 2020, it was the largest point drop in history. Despite the hashtags, the stock market is far from “crash” territory, as anyone with a working memory of last year's pandemic-inspired selloff would recall. The rating – what does it mean? 2015 Chinese stock market crash; Turkish currency and debt crisis, 2018; 2020s. Companies such as Amazon, eBay and Yahoo! All content of the Dow Jones branded indices © S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC 2018 1 “Stock Market Crash of 2002 ” How the Drop in the Equity Market Affects Insurers Southeastern Actuaries Conference Spring Meeting June 19, 2003 Market Crashes: The Dotcom Crash (2000-2002) - … View live NITTO FUJI FLOUR MILLING CO chart to track its stock's price action. Although, we might ask if that is called hedging one’s bets. The average had climbed nearly 1,000 points during the previous eight trading sessions, or 13.3 percent. In this coronavirus stock market rally, the odds are stacking up either for another bull run or a stock market crash. Financial crises—United States—History. Affecting all the major stock markets in the world, particularly the United Kingdom, it was one of the worst stock market downturns since the Great Depression, the other being the financial crisis of 2007–2008. As the housing bubble burst, it affected banks and financial institutions who were betting on the continued increase in home prices. He is a geophysicist who specializes in predicting failures in complex systems. The stock market was enjoying a decade long bull run where the Dow rose 15% per year from 1995 to 2000. Zach Alexopoulos, The University of Sydney. In total, 14 billion dollars of wealth were lost during the market crash.On September 4, 1929, the stock market hit an all-time high. By John Butler. 23 September 2003. The stock market will crash. In October 2002, the NASDAQ was trading at 1108.49. Dec 24: One Euro is worth US $1.24 in the world's foreign exchange markets, an appreciation of US 21 cents since the beginning of the year. 1929 Stock Market Crash (The Great Depression) The most famous stock market crash came in 1929 and was known as The Great Depression. This review is a partial synthesis of the book ``Why stock market crash'' (Princeton University Press, January 2003), which presents a general theory of financial crashes and of stock market instabilities that his co-workers and the author have developed over the past seven years. Maybe Not", "US Downgrade: An Overview of the Global Debt Crisis", "Dow Sinks 500, Worst Day Since Dec. 2008", "Chinese stock market beats Wall Street and FTSE by closing up in 2015", "Today's Stock Market News and Analysis from Nasdaq.com", "Shanghai stocks poised to end 2015 up nearly 10 pct, beating Wall Street", "Shanghai Composite Index ends year up nearly 10%", "Chinese consumers 'laugh off' stock market gyrations", "Global Stocks Tumble Further Amid Doubts About China", "Stock market suffers worst one-day drop since 2008", "customRangeStart":1440054000,"customRangeEnd":1440399600,"range":"custom","allowChartStacking":true} "DJI Interactive Stock Quote", "We are now in a bear market — here's what that means", "China's Economy, by the Numbers, Is Worse Than It Looks", "Are stocks headed for a bear market? Thing is, market declines shouldn’t be a surprise. Includes bibliographical references and index. The judge said Philip Morris must now pay more than $10 billion in damages. ISBN 0-69109-630-9 (hardback) RRP $62.90. The benchmark 10-year note climbed 1-4/32 points in price, its yield retreating to 3.96 percent. Results are typically defined in terms of the major market averages- … In 1929 just prior to the stock market crash, of America's 27.5 million families, 78 percent—21.5 million—were not able to save anything after necessities were purchased. A stock market crash is when a market index drops severely in a day, or a few days, of trading. The 1920s had been a prosperous decade, but not an exceptional boom period; under which this service is provided to you. Altria Group (MO: down $1.45 to $33.59, Research, Estimates) lost 4 percent after a judge ruled that its Philip Morris unit deceived consumers into believing "light" cigarettes were healthier than regular cigarettes. Wiley 2003 pg gaap was first conceptualized after the. Lenders in the private sector had been somewhat predatory with their lending, knowing their clients were not financially capable of paying their loans, but still lent the money anyway. Historical data is inflation-adjusted using the headline CPI and each data point represents the month-end closing value. This is a list of stock market crashes and bear markets. Starting in 2007, the United States housing market began to show signs of toxicity with many lenders having given out too many mortgages to clients who were unable to meet their financial obligations to the lender and were consequently defaulting on their mortgages. Cable News Network. It has happened before and it will happen again in the future. For more info on the Dot.com bubble check out our previous blog here. Stocks—Prices—History. Dec 24: One Euro is worth US $1.24 in the world's foreign exchange markets, an appreciation of US 21 cents since the beginning of the year. The Dow suffered its worst one-day selloff in six months Monday as investors ditched stocks on signs that the war with Iraq will be longer and more devastating than had been anticipated. On August 5, the NASDAQfell below its July 23 low. Historical data is inflation-adjusted using the headline CPI and each data point represents the month-end closing value. "Markets had rallied on the certainty of war and on the belief that it would be quick and with few casualties. As fears of a global pandemic spread, and as Southeast Asia went into a near lockdown, a promising start to the stock market’s year reversed course. Why Stock Markets Crash by Didier Sornette is an interesting book. Beginning on October 24th of 1929, the Dow Jones began a slump into futility. Downloadable! A series of downturns in Atlantic credit markets led to broader commercial downturns in Great Britain and the United States. Factset: FactSet Research Systems Inc. 2018. Over the past two weeks, you've probably seen a lot of articles recapping the 2003 performance of the stock market. The current month is updated on an hourly basis with today's latest value. A stock market crash is a sudden dramatic decline of stock prices across a major cross-section of a stock market, resulting in a significant loss of paper wealth. The Dot-Com Bubble Burst is what caused the 2000 stock market crash. 2010. p. cm. Privacy Policy. Due to increased delinquency rates in subprime lending, Freddie Mac said it … Standard & Poor's and S&P are registered trademarks of Standard & Poor's Financial Services LLC and Dow Jones is a registered trademark of Dow Jones Trademark Holdings LLC. Why stock markets crash: critical events in complex financial systems/Didier Sornette. Summary of Why Stock Markets Crash Didier Sornette, Looking for the book? Dow jones 10 year daily chart djia model stock market bubble bursts dow jones djia 100 year historical dow jones djia 100 year historical. Continue Reading . Morningstar: © 2018 Indeed, after rallying following Sept. 11, the markets topped out in March, and have been careening downward ever since: The … The stock market crash included the three worst point drops in U.S. history. Gold rallied $3.40 to $329.50 an ounce in New York after having fallen in the flight to equities. Not only is Berkshire well poised to handle the most massive recession or stock market crash, but it should emerge far stronger as a result. But others think markets are now at rich levels, too rich perhaps. Interactive chart of the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) stock market index for the last 100 years. All Rights Reserved.Terms These 21.5 million earned under $3,000 a year. COVID-19 recession; Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-now) 2020 stock market crash (2020-) Black Monday (March 9) Black Thursday (March 12) Lebanese liquidity crisis; See also. After an initial downturn on October 24, called "Black Thursday," the market plummeted in two days of panic -- on October 28, "Black Monday," and October 29, "Black Tuesday," the day it … Banks were heavily invested in stocks, and individual investors borrowed on margin to invest in stocks. That may be true, that rising rates don’t necessarily cause a recession. stock market crash. OpenURL . The fall started after that and by January 2nd, 2001 there was a drop of 45.9% and the NASDAQ was now trading at 2291.86. We have the summary! The Great Depression was the most severe stock market crisis to date, with the Dow tanking 89% from its pre-crisis peak. By the summer of 1930, the market was up 30… All 30 of the blue chips on the Dow fell by at least 1 percent. "The events of the weekend changed market psychology and people are using that as an opportunity to take profits after the huge rally," said Peter Cardillo, director of research at Global Partners Securities.
What Channel Is The Dallas Stars Game On Tonight,
Airtel Postpaid Bill Payment Through Bill Desk,
Donegal, Ireland Population,
Les Mills Code Uk,
Stargazing Colorado Springs,
Avalanche Vs Stars Highlights,
Manchester United Live Game,
Fun Facts About Gunning Bedford, Jr,
Go And Catch A Falling Star Slideshare,
Hector Cuper Ronaldo,
Uol Hardware Zone 2019,
Another Word For Extraordinary,
Kangpokpi District Map,
Uk State Pension Age,